Boring apparatus for removing undisturbed test samples of soil



Dec. 22, 1964 E. MEINECKE 3,162,256 BORING APPARATUS FOR REMOVING UNDISTURBED TES AMPLES OF SOIL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 22, 1962 Z INVENTOR.

Mae,

A TTORNEYS.

Dec. 22, 1964 E. MEINECKE 3,162,256

BORING APPARATUS FOR REMOVING UNDISTURBED TEST SAMPLES OF SOIL Filed Jan. 22, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent 3,162,256 BORING APPARATUS FOR REMOVINGUNDIS- TE S T SAMPLES F SOIL Ericlr Meinecke', Berkliopen', P'eine; Germany Filed Jan. 22, 1962, Ser. No. 167,655 Claims priority, application Germany, Feb. 15, 1961, M 37,198 4 Claims. (Cl. 175-252) This invention relates to drilling equipment which produces undisturbed soil samples and particularly soil sampling equipment which is to be used for investigating softer soils such as marsh land, clay, sand, etc., so that the soil samples, because of their undisturbed condition, show the actual position of the strata including sloping strata.

An important object of the invention is to provide a drill bit which is detachably mounted on the drilling equipment and contains one or several wires which enter into grooves or recesses provided in the drill bit when the drilling equipment rotates to the right but constricts the free passage through the drill bit when the drilling equipment rotates to the left, thereby separating the soil sample contained in the drilling equipment.

In a preferred form, the drilling equipment contains a core box secured against rotation by internal holding rods, external holding rods and the locking pin. The rotation of the drilling equipment while the core box remains at rest is accomplished through a hollow drill linkage to the drill bit. The hollow drill linkage and the internal holding rods are constructed for use as a telescoped drill linkage so that the drilling equipment can be quickly inserted into and removed from the bore hole. Each internal rod linkage may carry an external identification mark and if these identification marks are observed when the double linkage is put together before drilling, it is simple later to orient the produced bore core accordingly.

Other advantageous details of the invention are shown in the drawing which illustrates the invention.

In the drawing:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional view through a drilling apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a section equivalent to FIGURE 2 with the mantle rotated to remove the wires from the recess and stretch them across the mantle of the bit.

FIGURE 4 is a developed view taken along the line 44 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 55 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 6 is a View taken along the line 66 of FIGURE 2.

The boring device of the invention consists of a mantle 10 having a hollow handle 12 comprising one or more interconnected sections terminating at its upper end in a cross member 14 which facilitates turning the mantle.

v Detachably secured to the lower end of the mantle is a bit 16 sharpened on its lower edge for facilitating penetration of the earth. The bit is connected to the mantle in such a way that it rotates with respect to the mantle through a limited angle, beyond which continued rotation of the mantle causes the bit to rotate with the mantle.

A core box 18 is provided inside the mantle for receiving a cylindrical slug of earth cut by the bit. The

core Box i'sri i'diytonnecfed to a rod 20 made up of one or more connected sections. The rod extends through the hollowjhandle' 1'2. The upperendoftherod rojects above the lrandleann'conne'ctsto an external anchor com"- prising an arm 22 and pin 24. The pin is adapted to be pushed into the ground to lock the lower end of the arm 22. At the opposite end the arm connects to a fitting 21 which is non-rotatable with respect to the rod 20. This linkage prevents rotation of the core box The lower end of the mantle 10 terminates in a pair of diametrically opposed lugs 26, 28 adapted to ride in cutout portions or slots 30, 32, respectively, in the top edge of the bit 16. The slots permit the mantle to rotate through an angle of about 35 in either direction before the bit turns by reason of its lugs striking the bit adjacent the ends of the slots.

The mantle 10 is coupled to the bit 12 by means of a pair of wires 34, 36 having eyes at their ends which surround pins 38 and 40 in the mantle and bit respectively. The slots 30 and 32 receive the wires when rotation of the mantle is in the direction for placing them in compress1on.

When the mantle 10 is turned to the right, that is, in a clockwise direction, the lugs 26, 28 move freely through an angle of about 35 from the positoin shown in FIG- URE 3 to the position shown in FIGURE 2. This rotation causes the wires 34, 36 to be pushed into the slots 30 and 32 as shown. Continued rotation of the mantle causes the lugs 26, 28 to bear against the bit adjacent the ends of the slots 30 and 32, thus causing the bit to turn in a boring relation with the earth. This causes the earth to fill the core box 18.

When the core box is full, the mantle is rotated to the left, that is, in a counterclockwise direction, causing the lugs 26, 28 to rotate from the position shown in FIGURE 2 to the position shown in FIGURE 3. This rotation pulls wires 34, 36 from the slots 30 and 32 and stretches them as chords across the circle defined by the bit as shown in FIGURE 3. Upon continued rotation, the lugs pick up the bit and cause it to rotate in the opposite direction. During this rotation the wires cut across the earth in the core box 18 to separate the portion therein, except for a circular area 42 at the center having a diameter equal to the distance between wires 34 and 36. This area is small as compared with the total cross-sectional area through the bit so that it offers very little resistance to severance within the box.

What is claimed is:

l. A boring device for removing a cylinder of earth from the ground without disturbing the normal disposition of the soil lamina comprising a cylindrical rotatable mantle having a pair of lugs extending from the lower end thereof, a bit connected to said lower end and having arcuate slots in the top edge thereof adapted to receive said lugs to effect turning of the bit with rotation of the mantle in either direction after said lugs have traversed the length of said arcuate slots without turning said bit, a pair of wires each having one end connected to said bit and the other end connected to said mantle, and recesses in the inside wall of said bit for receiving said wires, whereby'upon rotating said mantle in a clockwise direction, the wires are placed in compression and lie within said recesses, and upon rotating said mantle in a countera t 3 1 4 clockwise direction; the wiresare placed in tension and between said shaft and the earth surrounding said boring are stretched 'as a chord across the circle definedby the devi e, bit to sever upon rotation the soil within the mantle from 4, Th devi f cl im 2 in which said shaftand tubular the groundmeans are made up of interconnecting sections to permit 2. The device of claim 1 winch includes a core box 5 adjusting the length of the boring device disposed within said mantle, means for securing said core box against rotation, including a shaft extending upward-a References Cited by the Examiner ly from said core box through said mantle and external f 7 anchoring means connected to said shaft, and tubular UNITED STATES PATENTS means surrounding said shaft and connected to said mantle 10 1,301,395 4/ 19 Dale 175-252 for rotating said mantle While said shaft and core biox 1,720,877 7/29 Baker 175240 X remain stationary. a I 1,761,292 6/30 Bonewn' 1757-252 X 3. The device of claim 2 in WhiCliSflld shaft is secured 7 2331059 I 42 an 175 20 X ti b d t t d agamst ma y an external and: adaP-te 0 ex en RICHARD c. QUEISSER, Primary Examiner. 

1. A BORING DEVICE FOR REMOVING A CYLINDER OF EARTH FROM THE GROUND WITHOUT DISTURBING THE NORMAL DISPOSITION OF THE SOIL LAMINA COMPRISING A CYLINDRICAL ROTATABLE MANTLE HAVING A PAIR OF LUGS EXTENDING FROM THE LOWER END THEREOF, A BIT CONNECTED TO SAID LOWER END AND HAVING ARCUATE SLOTS IN THE TOP EDGE THEREOF ADAPTED TO RECEIVE SAID LUGS TO EFFECT TURNING OF THE BIT WITH ROTATION OF THE MANTLE IN EITHER DIRECTION AFTER SAID LUGS HAVE TRAVERSED THE LENGTH OF SAID ARCUATE SLOTS WITHOUT TURNING SAID BIT, A PAIR OF WIRES EACH HAVING ONE END CONNECTED TO SAID BIT AND THE OTHER END CONNECTED TO SAID MANTLE, AND RECESSES IN THE INSIDE WALL OF SAID BIT FOR RECEIVING SAID WIRES, WHEREBY UPON ROTATING SAID MANTLE IN A CLOCKWISE DIRECTION, THE WIRES ARE PLACED IN COMPRESSION AND LIE WITHIN SAID RECESSES, AND UPON ROTATING SAID MANTLE IN A COUNTERCLOCKWISE DIRECTION, THE WIRES ARE PLACED IN TENSION AND ARE STRETCHED AS A CHORD ACROSS THE CIRCLE DEFINED BY THE 